A Next-Generation Sequencing test that searches for mutations in BRCA1 & BRCA2 genes. BRCA stands for BReast CAncer which is usually classified into Breast cancer Type 1 and Type 2. There are two genes, namely, BRCA1 and BRAC2 which are found in every normal individual. But any genetic variation or mutations occurring in either of these two genes, can lead to the incidence of breast, ovarian, and to a lesser extent other cancers such as prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and melanoma. At the moment breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Indian women having recently overtaken cervical cancer.
The life time risk for developing Breast/Ovarian Cancer is 12% in a normal individual, whereas if you carry a BRCA mutation your risk increases by 50-85%.
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• Gender: Just being a woman is the major risk factor, but men get breast cancer too.
• Age: Incidence increases with age.
• Family: Women with first-degree female relative (sister, mother, daughter) diagnosed with breast cancer, have a higher risk of developing the cancer.
• Genetics: About 5% -10% of breast cancers are thought to be hereditary.
• Personal Health History: Women who have had breast cancer are more likely to get breast cancer a second time.
Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern
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Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to increase a person's chance of developing cancer. Although breast cancer is more common in women than in men, the mutated gene can be inherited from either the mother or the father. But, not all breast cancers are inherited. These cancers are acquired during a person's lifetime, and they do not cluster in families.
In all cases, you should discuss the results and any appropriate follow-up with your referring clinician.
Both male and female have mammary glands.
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Both male and female have mammary glands. But the difference lies in the fact that, in men, mammary glands are in rudimentary state and are inactive. A lot of familial and sporadic cases of male breast cancers have been reported in the past. Men with mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes have been affected with prostate cancers. In fact, BRCA2 mutations may prove to be a greater cause of cancer in men than had previously been though.
If you are positive for a BRCA mutation
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If you are positive for a BRCA mutation, there are several options that you and your physician could consider to reduce the risk for developing cancer. Your options may include:
• Increased or enhanced screening for cancer
• Proactive (prophylactic) surgery
• Drug therapy (chemoprevention)
• Evaluation of your family members’ risk
It is important to discuss these options with your doctor and/or your genetic counselor to understand which option is best for you.
Genes2me offer a thorough screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations
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Genes2me offer a thorough screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, which helps in identifying the clinically relevant or pathogenic mutations. Our panel of breast cancer screening covers most of the reported and commonly occurring mutations. Screening is performed on a high end and sophisticated platform of Next generation sequencing (NGS) technique. Regular screening aids early diagnosis, which provides a bigger room for complete cure of breast or ovarian cancer.
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